of the origin of evil” was a favorite topic with the heretics.2 Marcion begged a response from the orthodox church by positing two gods: the Creator god of the Old Testament, who is just, fierce, and bellicose, and the “unknown god” of the Christian gospel, who is loving, peaceful, and infinitely good.3 The issue of evil enters in at several points: the creator is the author of evil because he expressly states this in Isaiah 45:7 or because he is the one who made the devil, the instigator of sin;